gentoo linux install 운영체제

2014.04.02 13:48 윤찬열 Edit

 

gentoo install guide





cpu : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405  @ 2.00GHz
ram : 256m
hdd : 8g(sata)
net : pcnet32

iso : install-x86-minimal-20101019.iso
vmware 환경








boot:gentoo dopcmcia








boot:net-setup eth0




















/etc/init.d/net.eth0 restart




nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

PasswordAuthentication yes로 변경후 저장

/etc/init.d/sshd restart







livecd ~ # fdisk /dev/sda
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc64db540.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1044, default 1): (Enter를 칩니다)
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1044, default 1044): +32MB

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (6-1044, default 6): (Enter를 칩니다)
Using default value 6
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (6-1044, default 1044): +512MB

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (69-1044, default 69): (Enter를 칩니다)
Using default value 69
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (69-1044, default 1044): (Enter를 칩니다)
Using default value 1044

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 2
Hex code (type L to list codes): 82
Changed system type of partition 2 to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc64db540

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1               1           5       40131   83  Linux
/dev/sda2               6          68      506047+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3              69        1044     7839720   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.


livecd ~ # mkfs.ext2 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
10040 inodes, 40128 blocks
2006 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=41156608
5 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2008 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
     8193, 24577

Writing inode tables: done                           
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 21 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
livecd ~ # mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
490560 inodes, 1959930 blocks
97996 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2009071616
60 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8176 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
     32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Writing inode tables: done                           
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.


livecd ~ # mkswap /dev/sda2
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 506040 KiB
no label, UUID=ae873bb0-b8ab-4af1-a331-f13a2e3c9e98
livecd ~ # swapon /dev/sda2


livecd ~ # mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/gentoo
livecd ~ # mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot
livecd ~ # mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot 


livecd gentoo # nano /etc/resolv.conf

  GNU nano 2.2.4                    File: /etc/resolv.conf                                              

# Generated by dhcpcd
# /etc/resolv.conf.head can replace this line
# /etc/resolv.conf.tail can replace this line
nameserver 168.126.63.1




livecd gentoo # nano -w /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf

MAKEOPTS="-j2"
CFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"



livecd gentoo # cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/ 
livecd gentoo # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
livecd gentoo # mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
livecd gentoo # mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev


livecd gentoo # chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
livecd / # env-update
"/etc/make.conf", line 2: Invalid token 'CXXFLAGS' (not '=')
!!! Found 2 make.conf files, using both '/etc/make.conf' and '/etc/portage/make.conf'
"/etc/make.conf", line 2: Invalid token 'CXXFLAGS' (not '=')
>>> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache...
livecd / # source /etc/profile
livecd / #  export PS1="(chroot) $PS1" 


(chroot) livecd / # eselect profile list
Available profile symlink targets:
  [1]   default/linux/x86/13.0 *
  [2]   default/linux/x86/13.0/selinux
  [3]   default/linux/x86/13.0/desktop
  [4]   default/linux/x86/13.0/desktop/gnome
  [5]   default/linux/x86/13.0/desktop/kde
  [6]   default/linux/x86/13.0/developer
  [7]   hardened/linux/x86
  [8]   hardened/linux/x86/selinux
  [9]   hardened/linux/uclibc/x86
(chroot) livecd / # eselect profile set 3 


(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/make.conf 

USE="-gtk -gnome qt4 kde dvd alsa cdr"  <--추가






(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/fstab 

# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
#/dev/BOOT              /boot           ext2            noauto,noatime  1 2
#/dev/ROOT              /               ext3            noatime         0 1
#/dev/SWAP              none            swap            sw              0 0
#/dev/cdrom             /mnt/cdrom      auto            noauto,ro       0 0
#/dev/fd0                /mnt/floppy     auto            noauto          0 0
/dev/sda1   /boot        ext2    defaults,noatime     1 2
/dev/sda2   none         swap    sw                   0 0
/dev/sda3   /            ext3    noatime              0 1

/dev/cdrom  /mnt/cdrom   auto    noauto,user          0 0


(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/conf.d/net 

  GNU nano 2.3.2                               File: /etc/conf.d/net                                                            Modified  

# This blank configuration will automatically use DHCP for any net.*
# scripts in /etc/init.d.  To create a more complete configuration,
# please review /usr/share/doc/openrc*/net.example* and save your configuration
# in /etc/conf.d/net (this file :]!).
config_eth0="192.168.92.111 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.92.255"

routes_eth0="default via 192.168.92.2"

(chroot) livecd / # cd /etc/init.d
(chroot) livecd init.d # ln -s net.lo net.eth0
(chroot) livecd init.d # rc-update add net.eth0 default
* service net.eth0 added to runlevel default



(chroot) livecd / # emerge syslog-ng

(chroot) livecd /# rc-update add syslog-ng default

(chroot) livecd /# emerge vixie-cron

(chroot) livecd /# rc-update add vixie-cron default

(chroot) livecd / # rc-update add sshd default 

(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/inittab 

###inittab의 직렬 콘솔 주석 해제하기 
# SERIAL CONSOLES
s0:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 9600 ttyS0 vt100
s1:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 9600 ttyS1 vt100





(chroot) livecd init.d # emerge grub 
(chroot) livecd init.d # nano /boot/grub/grub.conf (아래 내용 추가)

title Gentoo Linux 2.6.34-r1
root (hd0,0)
kernel  /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-3.8.13-gentoo  
initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-3.8.13-gentoo root=/dev/sda3
   
(chroot) livecd init.d # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
(chroot) livecd init.d # grub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda
Installation finished. No error reported.
This is the contents of the device map /boot/grub/device.map.
Check if this is correct or not. If any of the lines is incorrect,
fix it and re-run the script `grub-install'.

(fd0)     /dev/fd0
(hd0)     /dev/sda
(chroot) livecd init.d # grub --no-floppy
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.
grub> root (hd0,0) (/boot 파티션이 있는 곳을 지정합니다)

grub> setup (hd0) (주 시동 레코드(MBR)에 GRUB을 설치합니다)
grub> quit (GRUB 쉘을 빠져 나갑니다) 



(chroot) livecd / # passwd root 
(chroot) livecd /# exit
livecd / # cd
livecd / # umount -l /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/proc,}
livecd / # reboot 


























localhost ~ # nano /etc/portage/make.conf

USE="-X -gtk apache2 mysql mysqli php vhosts valias curl gd xml"



localhost ~ # emerge -av apache



localhost ~ # /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
Installing MySQL system tables...

OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/scripts/mysqlbug script!
localhost ~ #  /etc/init.d/mysql start
* Starting mysql ...
                                                                                                                             [ ok ]
localhost ~ # mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.1.70-log Gentoo Linux mysql-5.1.70

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set password = password('12345') where user='root';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 2  Changed: 2  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)




localhost ~ # emerge vim
localhost ~ # vi /etc/php/apache2-php5.5/php.ini 

 211 short_open_tag = On (Off 를 On으로 변경)

localhost ~ # vi /etc/apache2/modules.d/00_mod_mime.conf 

26 AddType application/x-compress .Z
27 AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
28 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .php3 .html .htm (<- 추가)

localhost ~ # vi /etc/apache2/modules.d/00_default_settings.conf 

123 <IfModule dir_module>
124         #DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var
125         DirectoryIndex index.html index.php index.php3 index.htm(<-추가)
126 </IfModule>


localhost ~ # /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

(1.7.3이상 버전은 유닉스용 아파치 적용시 에러가 나옴 1.7.2 이하 버전으로 설치 추천)

localhost ~ # mv xe.1.7.2.0.ko.tar.gz /var/www/localhost/htdocs/xe.tar.gz
localhost ~ # cd /var/www/localhost/htdocs/
localhost ~ # tar xvzf /var/www/localhost/htdocs/xe.tar.gz 

(여기서 바로 웹브라우저에 접속하게 되면 303 오류를 발생한다 
 zlib가 호환성 문제로 xe상 소스를 수정 한다.)

localhost xe # vi  classes/display/DisplayHandler.class.php 

기존의
            if(
                (defined('__OB_GZHANDLER_ENABLE__') && __OB_GZHANDLER_ENABLE__ == 1) &&
                strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'], 'gzip')!==false &&
                function_exists('ob_gzhandler') &&
                extension_loaded('zlib')
            ) $this->gz_enabled = true;
소스를 아래와 같이 수정
            if(
                (defined('__OB_GZHANDLER_ENABLE__') && __OB_GZHANDLER_ENABLE__ == 1) &&
                strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'], 'gzip')!==false &&
                function_exists('ob_gzhandler') &&
                extension_loaded('gzip')
            ) $this->gz_enabled = true;

이제 웹브라우저에 접속해서 정상적으로 설치 되는지 확인 한다. 
나머지 xe설치 부분은 리눅스와 동일하다.




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